Papyrus 32 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), designated by P32, is an early copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript of the Epistle to Titus, it contains only Titus 1:11-15; 2:3-8. On the basis of paleography, the manuscript has been assigned a date around A.D. 200 by Kurt Aland.[1] However, H. I. Bell, T. C. Skeat, and F. G. Kenyon have dated P32 to 150-200 C.E. and Philip Comfort says it should be dated to the early second century (100-125 C.E.) but could even be late first century.
Description of P32
Written in round and rather large letters. A slight tendency towards a division of words can be observed. The nomina sacra (sacred names) are abbreviated.[2]
The Greek text of this codex is a representative of the Alexandrian text-type. Aland described it as “at least normal text.” he placed it in Category I.[3] This manuscript shows an agreement with Codex Sinaiticus and with F G.
It is currently housed with the Rylands Papyri at the John Rylands University Library (Gr. P. 5) in Manchester.[4]
Greek Text
The papyrus is written on both sides. The characters that are in bold style are the ones that can be seen in P32. It shows an agreement with Codex Sinaiticus, Codex Augiensis, and Codex Boernerianus.
Philip Comfort
Textual character: Metzger says P32 shows agreement with א and with F and G. Since F and G[5] (nearly identical manuscripts) go back to the same archetype, it is quite possible that P32 could be linked to the same source.[6]
This manuscript was originally dated to the third century because it was regarded as comparable to the handwriting of P. Oxy. 656 (Genesis), also dated early third century. But the editor of P. Oxy. 656 (Hunt) said it had more affinities with second-century manuscripts than with third-century manuscripts. So why not date P. Oxy. 656 to the second century? In fact, scholars such as H. I. Bell, T. C. Skeat, and F. G. Kenyon have since redated P. Oxy. 656 to the second century[7] and, in suit, dated P32 to the second century (probably the second half).[8] P32 (as with P. Oxy. 656, P90, and P104) exhibits the decorated rounded hand of this era.[9] See extensive discussion in Philip Wesley Comfort and David P. Barrett, THE TEXT OF THE EARLIEST NEW TESTAMENT MANUSCRIPTS: Papyri 75-139 and Uncials, Vol. 2 (English and Greek Edition) (Grand Rapids, MI: Kregel Academic, 2019)
zein oitines olous oikous anatre- pousin didaskontes a mē dei aischrou kerdous charin eipen tis ex autōn idios autōn prophētēs krētes aei pseustai kaka thēria gasteres argai ē marturia autē estin alēthēs di ēn aitian elenche autous apotomōs ina ugiainōsin en tē pistei mē prosechontes ioudaikois muthois kai entolais anthrōpōn apostrepho- menōn tēn alētheian panta ka- thara tois katharois tois de memiam-
menois kai apistois ouden katharon
…
to muzzle, because whole families they are upsetting, teaching what they must not, for ugly gain’s sake. Said one of themselves, even one of their own prophets, “Cretans are always liars, evil beasts, lazy gluttons.” The testimony of this is true. Because of this reason, reprove them severely, so that they may be sound in the faith; Not giving heed to Jewish myths, and commandments of men, who turn away from the truth. All things are pure unto the pure: but unto them who are
both defiled and unbelieving, nothing is pure.
Titus 2:3-8 (verso)
ΔIABO-
ΛOYΣ MHΔE OINΩ ΠOΛΛΩ ΔEΔOYΛΩ– MENAΣ KAΛOΔIΔΣKAΛOYΣ INA ΣΩΦPONIZΩΣIN TAΣ NEAΣ ΦIΛAN– ΔPOYΣ EINAI ΦIΛOTEKNOYΣ ΣΩΦPO– NAΣ AΓNAΣ OIKOYPΓOYΣ AΓAΘAΣ YΠOTAΣΣOMENAΣ TOYΣ IΔIOIΣ AN– ΔPAΣIN INA MH O ΛOΓOΣ TOY ΘY BΛA– ΣΦHMHTAI TOYΣ NEΩTEPOYΣ ΩΣAYTΩΣ ΠAPAKAΛEI ΣΩΦPON– EIN ΠEPI ΠANTA ΣEAYTON ΠAPE– XOMENOΣ TYΠON KAΛΩN EPΓΩN EN TH ΔIΔAΣKAΛIA AΦΘONIAN ΣE– MNOTHTA ΛOΓON YΓIH AKATAΓNΩ– ΣTON INA O EΞ ENANTIAΣ ENTPA–
ΠH
diabo-
lous mēde oinō pollō dedoulō– menas kalodidaskalous ina sōphronizōsin tas neas philan– drous einai philoteknous sōphro– nas agnas oikourgous agathas upotassomenas tois idiois an– drasin ina mē o logos tou thu bla– sphēmētai tous neōterous ōsautōs parakalei sōphron– ein peri panta seauton pare– chomenos tupon kalōn ergōn en tē didaskalia aphthonian se– mnotēta logon ugiē akatagnō– ston ina o ex enantias entra–
pē
…
false accusers, not to wine much enslaved, teachers of the good. So that they may teach to be sensible the young women, loving their husbands, loving their children. Sober minded, pure, busy in the home, kind, subject to their own husbands. So that not the word of God may be blasphemed. The young men, likewise, urge to be sober minded. Concerning all things, yourself shew an example of good works: in the teaching show integrity, gravity, soundness of speech beyond reproach;
so that he who opposes you may be ashamed,
SCROLL THROUGH DIFFERENT CATEGORIES BELOW
BIBLE TRANSLATION AND TEXTUAL CRITICISM
BIBLICAL STUDIES / INTERPRETATION
EARLY CHRISTIANITY
CHRISTIAN APOLOGETIC EVANGELISM
TECHNOLOGY
CHRISTIAN THEOLOGY
CHILDREN’S BOOKS
PRAYER
TEENS-YOUTH-ADOLESCENCE-JUVENILE
CHRISTIAN LIVING
CHRISTIAN COMMENTARIES
CHRISTIAN DEVOTIONALS
CHURCH ISSUES, GROWTH, AND HISTORY
Apocalyptic-Eschatology [End Times]
CHRISTIAN FICTION
[1] Aland, Kurt; Aland, Barbara (1995). The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism. Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.). Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. p. 98.
[2] A. S. Hunt, Catalogue of the Greek Papyri in the John Rylands Library I, Literatury Texts (Manchester 1911), p. 10.
[3] Aland, Kurt; Aland, Barbara (1995). The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism. Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.). Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. p. 98.
[4] Aland, Kurt; Aland, Barbara (1995). The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism. Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.). Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. p. 98.
“Liste Handschriften”. Münster: Institute for New Testament Textual Research. Retrieved Sunday, July 26, 2020
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