Updated American Standard Version
Giving Bible readers what God said not what translators think God meant
The minuscule manuscripts show that John 7:53–8:11 spread widely, yet their omissions, transpositions, and annotations expose persistent scribal doubt.
Matthew 16:4 originally read “the sign of Jonah”; “the prophet” is a later scribal clarification and likely a harmonization to Matthew 12:39.
Matthew 16:2b–3a is a secondary interpolation, added to clarify Jesus’ reply and influenced by Luke 12:54–56 rather than written by Matthew.
Matthew 15:39 preserves “Magadan,” not “Magdala,” because the earliest and strongest witnesses support the harder reading.
Matthew 15:31 most likely originally read “the mute speaking,” a vivid and publicly observable miracle that led the crowd to glorify the God of Israel.
Matthew 15:18–19 preserves Jesus’ teaching that defilement comes from the heart, and the omission in a few witnesses arose through haplography.
Matthew 15:16 preserves the shorter original reading, while later manuscripts added “Jesus” as a clarifying subject at a new paragraph break.
Matthew 15:14 most likely read “they are blind guides,” with “of the blind” added later to harmonize the first clause with the second.
Revelation’s textual history is shaped by scribal expansion, harmonization, and Greek smoothing, yet the earliest witnesses preserve a recoverable original text.
The Comma Johanneum lacks early Greek support and entered the tradition through Latin glossing, while 1 John’s original witnesses remain Spirit, water, and blood.
