The Western text reveals how scribes expanded and paraphrased the New Testament, especially Acts, while earlier Alexandrian witnesses preserve the original wording.
New Testament Textual Criticism: The Story of the Western Text
An Analysis of the Textual Issues in the Book of Revelation
Revelation’s textual history is shaped by scribal expansion, harmonization, and Greek smoothing, yet the earliest witnesses preserve a recoverable original text.
The Variants Are So Numerous That We Don’t Really Know What the Original Said: Bart D. Ehrman
Many variants reflect manuscript abundance, not ignorance; when counted by variation units, only a tiny fraction of the text is difficult.
We Have More Manuscripts of the New Testament Than Any Other Ancient Book, but That Doesn’t Help: Bart D. Ehrman
Manuscript abundance increases visible variants, but it also multiplies controls, anchors early readings, and stabilizes the restored Greek New Testament.
How the Greek New Testament Text Came Down to Us
The New Testament was transmitted through widespread handwritten copying, producing predictable variants while preserving abundant evidence for restoring the original wording.
The Effect of Early Heresies on the Transmission of New Testament Texts
Early heresies influenced some scribal clarifications and expansions, yet the early manuscript tradition remained stable and recoverable through documentary evidence.
Old Testament Textual Criticism: Principles and Practice
Old Testament textual criticism exists to restore the original words, using witnesses wisely and rejecting historical-critical theorizing.
Evaluating Modern English Translations: The Quest for Faithfulness to the Original Texts
Evaluating modern English Bible translations begins with the manuscript-based text and demands consistent, transparent methods in rendering Hebrew and Greek.
Textual Criticism and the Authenticity of the New Testament
Authenticity rests on abundant early manuscripts: no miraculous preservation, yet reliable preservation and restoration through disciplined textual criticism.
The Path to the Original: Ascertaining the Wording of New Testament Texts
Recovering the original New Testament wording rests on early manuscripts, disciplined documentary weighting, and sober analysis of scribal habits.
