How papyrus, parchment, scrolls, and codices shaped the preservation, survival, and textual study of the Old Testament.
Papyrus to Parchment: Evolution of Writing Materials and Its Impact on Old Testament Texts
The Dating of the New Testament Manuscripts
Paleography studies ancient handwriting and materials to date manuscripts, classify scribal hands, and strengthen textual decisions grounded in documentary evidence.
Paleography of Early Christian Manuscripts: Materials, Writing Utensils, Book Forms, and Handwriting in New Testament Textual Studies
Early Christian paleography shows disciplined hands, papyrus-to-parchment advances, and codex design that secured a stable New Testament text from the second century.
