The early Church’s adoption of the codex revolutionized Scripture preservation, enabling the faithful transmission of the New Testament text.
Scribal Spacing and Word Division in Early New Testament Manuscripts: Scriptio Continua, Paratext, and the Documentary Evidence
Early papyri show scriptio continua with sparse sense markers. Spacing aids reading without altering wording, reinforcing the stability of the early text.
Scribal Habits in the Early New Testament Papyri
Early New Testament papyri reveal scribal habits that show remarkable accuracy, minimal errors, and faithful preservation of the text.
Why P46 Refutes Ehrman on the Pauline Epistles
P46, dated 100–150 C.E., preserves the Pauline Epistles in stable form, refuting Ehrman’s claims of late collection and theological corruption.
The Age of the Critical Text: Westcott–Hort, von Soden, Local Texts, Alexandrian, Western, Caesarean, Byzantine, Gregory–Aland Numeration, and Modern Greek New Testament Editions
Early papyri and major codices anchor the Greek New Testament, defining the critical text from Westcott–Hort to NA28/UBS5 and clarifying Alexandrian, Western, and Byzantine streams.
New Testament Textual Commentary on Matthew Chapter 25
Textual variants in Matthew 25 reveal scribal expansions, yet early Alexandrian witnesses preserve the original, sharper readings.
Codex Sinaiticus—Evidence-Based Dating to 330–360 C.E. Using Paleography, Stylistics, Ink, and Codicology
Codex Sinaiticus dates to 330–360 C.E., shown by fourth-century script, four-column layout, Eusebian apparatus, carbon ink main text, and early correction layers.
Westcott and Hort as Manuscript Scholars: Method, Manuscripts, and the Alexandrian Text in New Testament Textual Criticism
Westcott and Hort grounded New Testament textual criticism in manuscripts, privileging early Alexandrian evidence and letting documentary data rule each decision.
Inerrancy and New Testament Textual Criticism: How the Documentary Method and Early Alexandrian Witnesses Secure the Original Text
Early papyri and the documentary method show how the New Testament’s original, inerrant text is identifiable, stable, and historically recoverable.
Paleography and the Transmission of the New Testament Text: Materials, Forms, and Abbreviations in Ancient Manuscripts
Paleography reveals how New Testament manuscripts were written, copied, and preserved, offering insights into materials, book forms, and scribal practices.

