A documentary study of 2 Peter’s text, showing how early witnesses and scribal habits help recover the original wording and sharpen its message.
The New Testament in the Light of Textual Criticism: The Gospel of Matthew
A documentary reading of Matthew shows that early manuscripts preserve a concise, stable text while later scribes often harmonized, clarified, and expanded it.
The Textual Relationship Between the Pauline Epistles and the Acts of the Apostles
Acts supplies the historical framework of Paul’s mission, while the Pauline Epistles reveal its doctrinal depth, pastoral burden, and early textual transmission.
The Apostolic Fathers and Their Impact on New Testament Textual Criticism
The Apostolic Fathers function as early indirect witnesses whose citations and allusions corroborate and sometimes illuminate New Testament textual variants.
Dating the New Testament Manuscripts: Methodologies and Challenges
Documentary controls, codicology, and nomina sacra converge to date New Testament manuscripts responsibly within realistic ranges.
A Comprehensive Study of Textual Families in the New Testament
Textual families illuminate how the New Testament was copied, clustered, and preserved, guiding the restoration of the earliest attainable wording.
Matthew 15:8—New Testament Text and Translation Commentary
The earliest text of Matthew 15:8 reads “This people honor me with their lips,” with later manuscripts expanding the quotation to match Isaiah 29:13.
The Debate Over 1 Timothy 3:16: A Textual Analysis
The earliest text of 1 Timothy 3:16 reads “who,” a Christ-centered confession later clarified to “God” in many manuscripts.
The Role of Origen in New Testament Textual Criticism
Origen’s massive citations and explicit notice of variant readings make him a central patristic witness, best used alongside early manuscripts.
The Bible Has Been Changed More Than Any Other Ancient Book: Bart D. Ehrman
Ehrman’s slogan confuses variant visibility with corruption; the New Testament’s abundant witnesses expose differences and enable restoration.

