The Pharisees and Sadducees opposed one another, yet both resisted Jesus Christ because He exposed their traditions, unbelief, and hunger for power.
Decoding the Dead Sea Scrolls: The Essenes and the Old Testament
How the Dead Sea Scrolls confirm the Old Testament’s stable transmission and illuminate the Essene commitment to covenant separation.
Beyond the Canon: Apocryphal and Pseudepigraphical Writings in Old Testament Studies
How apocryphal and pseudepigraphical writings illuminate Old Testament language, history, and transmission without redefining Scripture.
From the Maccabees to the Messiah
From the Maccabees to the Messiah, Jewish resistance, Roman rule, and rising messianic hope prepared the world for the coming of Jesus Christ.
Scribal Practices in Second Temple Judaism and Their Impact on Text Variation
Scribal practices in Second Temple Judaism preserved the Hebrew Scriptures with great accuracy while introducing minor textual variations.
Josephus’ Youthful Quest for Wisdom: Testing the Sects and the Desert Discipline of Banus
From Essenes to Banus to Pharisees, Josephus tested the ways of Israel and chose disciplined, public fidelity to teach the people under God’s Law.
The Septuagint in Judaism: Early Embrace, Rabbinic Rejection, and the Jewish Revisions of Aquila, Symmachus, and Theodotion
Why Greek Scripture was embraced by Jews, why rabbis later rejected it, and how Aquila, Symmachus, and Theodotion reshaped Jewish Greek to mirror the Hebrew.
Was the Apostle Paul a Hellenized Jew? Examining the Biblical and Historical Evidence
Paul was a Jew from a Greek-speaking world, not a Hellenized thinker. His theology is rooted in the Hebrew Scriptures, not Greek philosophy.
THE DEAD SEA SCROLLS: The Oldest-Known Bible
Explore the five most well-known manuscripts from the Dead Sea Scrolls collection. From the Isaiah Scroll to the Temple Scroll, uncover how these ancient texts provide invaluable insights into the textual history of the Hebrew Bible and the religious landscape of Second Temple Judaism.

