Textual criticism establishes what the New Testament authors wrote; translation then renders that established text accurately and transparently for readers.
Textual Criticism and Bible Translation: Establishing the Text and Rendering the Meaning
The Practice of New Testament Textual Criticism: How to Read a Critical Apparatus and Solve Variants by the Documentary Method
Documentary-first textual criticism: how to read the apparatus, weigh early papyri like 𝔓75 with B, and resolve key New Testament variants with confidence.
The Practice of New Testament Textual Criticism: Methodology, Critical Apparatus, and Application to Selected Variants
Recover the original New Testament wording by mastering the apparatus, weighing early witnesses, and applying internal evidence under documentary discipline.
