El Amarna and the Amarna Letters illuminate Akhetaten, Late Bronze Canaan, and the biblical background of Israel’s entry into the land.
Ekron: Philistine Stronghold, Border City, and Archaeological Witness to the Biblical Record
Ekron was a major Philistine city whose biblical history and archaeological remains powerfully confirm the reliability of Scripture.
Elephantine: Egypt’s Southern Frontier, Yeb’s Jewish Garrison, and the Witness of the Papyri
Elephantine was Egypt’s southern frontier island, home to a Jewish garrison whose papyri illuminate law, worship, and life in the Persian age.
Egypt in the Bible and Archaeology: Covenant History, Exodus, and Historical Confirmation
Egypt in the Bible is historical, archaeological, and theological, from Joseph and the Exodus to Alexandria and manuscript preservation.
Edrei and Adraa: The Bashan Stronghold of Og and the Unidentified Naphtalite City
Edrei names two biblical cities: Og’s Bashan stronghold later called Adraa, and an as yet unidentified city in Naphtali.
Edom and the Edomites: Esau’s Mountain Kingdom, Enduring Hostility, and Jehovah’s Judgment
Edom, born from Esau’s line, rose as a mountain kingdom of trade and war, then fell under Jehovah’s judgment for violent hatred against Israel.
Eben-Ezer: Israel’s Camp of Defeat, Presumption, and the Loss of the Ark
Eben-Ezer was Israel’s battlefield of presumption, where the Ark was lost, the priesthood was judged, and Jehovah exposed false confidence.
Mount Ebal: The Mountain of Covenant Sanctions, Joshua’s Altar, and Jehovah’s Written Law
Mount Ebal stood at the center of Israel’s covenant life as the mountain of curse, Joshua’s altar, and the public writing of Jehovah’s law.
Dura-Europos: Fortress on the Euphrates and a Window Into the Biblical World
Dura-Europos reveals a frontier city on the Euphrates where synagogue, house-church, and archaeology illuminate the world of Scripture.
Dur-Sharrukin: Sargon II’s Royal Capital at Khorsabad and Its Biblical Significance
Dur-Sharrukin, Sargon II’s capital at Khorsabad, reveals Assyrian power, confirms Isaiah 20:1, and strengthens confidence in biblical history.

