Evaluating modern English Bible translations begins with the manuscript-based text and demands consistent, transparent methods in rendering Hebrew and Greek.
Evaluating Modern English Translations: The Quest for Faithfulness to the Original Texts
Why Papyrus Is Vital for Ascertaining the Original Words of the New Testament Text
Papyrus manuscripts provide the earliest physical witnesses to the New Testament, anchoring the text in the second and third centuries C.E.
Understanding the Codex Sinaiticus and Codex Vaticanus: A Deep Dive
Codex Vaticanus and Codex Sinaiticus are early, extensive witnesses whose scribal features and agreements with papyri anchor the documentary text.
Textual Criticism and the Authenticity of the New Testament
Authenticity rests on abundant early manuscripts: no miraculous preservation, yet reliable preservation and restoration through disciplined textual criticism.
The Path to the Original: Ascertaining the Wording of New Testament Texts
Recovering the original New Testament wording rests on early manuscripts, disciplined documentary weighting, and sober analysis of scribal habits.
Exploring the Rich History of New Testament Manuscripts
A manuscript-based tour of how the New Testament text was copied, corrected, and preserved across papyri, codices, versions, and Fathers.
Textual Criticism and Bible Translation: Establishing the Text and Rendering the Meaning
Textual criticism establishes what the New Testament authors wrote; translation then renders that established text accurately and transparently for readers.
The Sahidic Coptic Version and Alexandrian Readings
The Sahidic Coptic New Testament stands as a major Alexandrian witness, confirming early Greek readings and strengthening confidence in the recoverability of the original text.
Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus as a Palimpsest Witness
Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus, a fifth-century palimpsest, preserves a largely Alexandrian New Testament text whose recovery has strengthened confidence in the original wording.
Codex Vaticanus and Its Role in Preserving the Alexandrian Tradition
Codex Vaticanus offers an early, disciplined Alexandrian text of most of the New Testament, anchoring modern critical editions and confirming the stability of the original wording.
