Updated American Standard Version
Giving Bible readers what God said not what translators think God meant
Uncial 0189 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering) is the oldest parchment manuscript of the New Testament. It consists of a single vellum leaf of a middle second-century Greek codex.
Interesting;y, the text of 𝔓118 runs straight through Romans 15:33 to 16:1, so it differs from 𝔓46, which has the doxology (usually printed at 16:25-27) immediately following 15:33.
The INTF has paleographically assigned the manuscript to the early 3rd century CE. [200-225 A.D.] Papyrologist Philip Comfort dates the manuscript to the middle-late 2nd century C.E. 150-200 A.D.].
The general rule, the earlier the manuscript, the more accurate. So, the early papyri can validate the original reading for almost all of our textual variants.
The early papyri can validate the original reading for almost all of our textual variants.
Grenfell and Hunt said P39 generally agrees with B. In fact, it agrees verbatim with B [Codex Vaticanus] and nearly so with P75. The Alands consider P39 to have a “strict” text.
In the case of the New Testament papyri manuscripts, our early evidence for the Greek New Testament, size is irrelevant. They range from centimeters encompassing a couple of verses to a codex with many books of the New Testament. But all of them add something.
Gregory of Nazianzus is a saint in both Eastern and Western Christianity. In the Catholic Church he is numbered among the Doctors of the Church; in the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Eastern Catholic Churches he is revered as one of the Three Holy Hierarchs, along with Basil the Great and John Chrysostom.
Papyrus 26 designated by P26, is an early copy of the New Testament Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript of the Epistle to the Romans. It contains only Romans 1:1-16. The manuscript paleographically has been assigned to c. 600 C.E.
Syriac translations of the New Testament were among the first and date from the 2nd century. The whole Bible was translated by the 5th century.