How scribes, education, and multilingual Greek registers in the Graeco-Roman world shaped copying habits and New Testament textual forms.
Scribes and Language Use in the Graeco-Roman World
Persecution Under Nero, Domitian, and Trajan
From Nero to Trajan, Roman power tried to crush Christians, yet martyr witness and resurrection hope only strengthened the church’s resolve and identity.
The Jerusalem Council and the Gentile Question
At the Jerusalem Council, apostles affirmed that Jews and Gentiles alike are saved by grace through faith, not the Law, shaping Christian identity for all time.
Persecution Under Herod, Jewish Leaders, and Roman Governors
From Herod’s sword to Roman courts, early persecution scattered believers but only advanced Jehovah’s plan through bold witness and faithful congregations.
Apostolic Authority and the Formation of the Early Congregations
From Pentecost onward, Christ used His apostles to found, structure, and protect the early congregations against error as the gospel spread from Jerusalem outward.
The Deaths of the Apostles and the Rise of the Apostolic Fathers
As the apostles died, leaders like Clement, Ignatius, and Polycarp rose to guard their teaching, guiding the church by Scripture through persecution and change.
Church Leadership: Elders, Overseers, and Servants in the Apostolic Age
In the apostolic age, Christ safeguarded His congregations through qualified elders and servants, ordered leadership, and Scripture-anchored oversight.
The Resurrection and the Birth of the Church at Pentecost
From the empty tomb to Pentecost, the risen Christ forms the first Jerusalem congregation through His resurrection, ascension, and Spirit-empowered Word.
The Destruction of Jerusalem in 70 C.E. and Its Impact on the Church
Jerusalem’s fall in 70 C.E. ended the Temple age, confirmed Jesus’ words, scattered believers, and clarified the church’s identity apart from the Mosaic system.
False Teachers and the Need for Doctrinal Vigilance in the First Century
From Corinth to Ephesus, the apostles battled false teachers, calling first-century believers to guard the gospel with doctrinal vigilance and holy discipline.
